#include <fstream>
using namespace std;
ifstream fin("bfs.in");
ofstream fout("bfs.out");
int a[10001][10001],n,m,s,i,p,u,c[100001],viz[100000],x,y;
int main()
{
    fin>>n>>m>>s;
    for(i=1;i<=m;i++)
    {
    	fin>>x>>y;
    	a[x][y]=1;
    }
    p=u=1;
    c[p]=s;
    viz[s]=-11;
    while(u<=p)
    {
    	for(i=1;i<=n;i++)
    	{
    		if(a[c[u]][i] && viz[i]==0)
    		{
    			p++;
    			c[p]=i;
    			viz[i]=u;
    		}
    	}
    	u++;
    }
    for(i=1;i<s;i++)
    {
    	if(viz[i]==0)
    	fout<<-1<<" ";
    	else
    	fout<<viz[i]<<" ";
    }
    fout<<0<<" ";
    for(i=s+1;i<=n;i++)
    {
    	if(viz[i]==0)
    	fout<<-1<<" ";
    	else
    	fout<<viz[i]<<" ";
    }
    return 0;
}