#include <cstdio>
#include <cstring>
#include <vector>
#include <queue>

FILE* in;
FILE* out;

const int Q=100001;

int val[Q];

std::vector<int> f[Q];

int nrnod,nrarc,rad;

std::queue<int> cod;

void bfs()
{
    cod.push(rad);

    val[rad]=0;

    int act,nrver=1;

    while(!cod.empty() && nrver!=nrnod)
    {
        act=cod.front();

        for(int i=0; i<f[act].size(); i++)
        {
            if(val[f[act][i]]==-1)
            {
                val[f[act][i]]=val[act]+1;
                cod.push(f[act][i]);
                nrver++;
            }
        }
        cod.pop();
    }
}

int main()
{
    in=fopen("bfs.in","r");
    out=fopen("bfs.out","w");

    memset(val,-1,sizeof val);

    fscanf(in,"%d%d%d",&nrnod,&nrarc,&rad);

    int a,b;

    for(int i=1; i<=nrarc; i++)
    {
        fscanf(in,"%d%d",&a,&b);
        f[a].push_back(b);
    }

    bfs();

    for(int i=1; i<=nrnod; i++)
        fprintf(out,"%d ",val[i]);

    fclose(in);
    fclose(out);
    return 0;
}