#include <stdio.h>
#include <stdlib.h>
int t,b,p;
using namespace std;

int main()
{
    FILE * f;  f=fopen("fructe.in","r"); FILE * g; g=fopen("fructe.out","w");
    fscanf(f,"%d",&t);
    while(t--)
    {
        fscanf(f,"%d",&p); fscanf(f,"%d",&b);
        if(b%2==0)
        {
            fprintf(g,"%d",0); fprintf(g,"\n");
        }
        else
        {
            fprintf(g,"%d",1); fprintf(g,"\n");
        }
    }
    fclose(f); fclose(g);
    return 0;
}