#include <iostream>
#include <fstream>
#include <cstring>
#include <string>
#include <climits>
#include <algorithm>
//#include <cmath>
#include <queue>
#include <deque>
#include <iomanip>
using namespace std;

ifstream fin("fructe.in");
ofstream fout("fructe.out");

#define baza 10
#define MAX 1000100

typedef long long int lli;

int a, i, j;

int main()
{
    int n, c, b, s, k, t, ki;

    fin>>t;
    for(ki=1;ki<=t;ki++)
    {
        fin>>a>>b;
        if(b&1)
            fout<<1;
        else
            fout<<0;
        fout<<"\n";
    }

    return 0;
}